Journal of Computational & Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Hamid Zalnezhad ¹
N. Kordani ²

¹ Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Nour Branch, Nour, Iran.

² Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22061/jcarme.2019.3798.1444

Abstract

The most important reason for the design of curved tubes is increasing the heat transfer between the fluid and the wall, which has provided many applications in various industries such as air conditioning, micro-electric, heat exchangers and, etc. The aim of this study is a numerical investigation of nanofluids flows in spiral tubes with an injection of base fluid in different Reynolds numbers. The effects of volume fraction, nanoparticle diameter, fluid injection, Reynolds number, and spin effects on heat transfer and flow in the spiral tube are discussed. In this study, a mixture of water-Al₂O₃ is selected to model nanofluid flow in order to investigate the changes in the heat transfer rate by the injection of nanofluid to the base fluid in the spiral tube at different angles. The results show that by the use of nanoparticles, the rotational effects of the tube and the injection process increase the heat transfer performance. It is found that increasing the volume fraction has a direct effect on increasing the heat transfer coefficient. As the volume fraction increases from 2% to 8%, the heat transfer coefficient increases by 2%. In fact, the effect of nanoparticles on the thermal conductivity of the fluid causes this increase. Also, injection of fluid into the stream due to disturbance in the thickness of the boundary layer and the further mixing of the fluid layers which increases the heat transfer. The 90-degree injection has the best effect. Cu₂O₃ –water nanofluid mixture is also used. The results and the comparison with the Al₂O₃ nanofluid model indicate that the increase in heat transfer rate in Cu nanofluid is higher than aluminum nano fluid due to higher heat transfer capacity of copper.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

dor

20.1001.1.22287922.2020.10.1.16.1

Main Subjects

Composite Materials

References

[1] S. Hashemi and M. Akhavan-Behabadi, “An empirical study on heat transfer and pressure drop characteristics of CuO–base oil nanofluid flow in a horizontal helically coiled tube under constant heat flux”, Int. Commun. Heat Mass Transf, Vol. 39, No. 1, pp. 144–151, (2012).

[2] M.A. Akhavan-Behabadi, M.F. Pakdaman and M. Ghazvini, “Experimental investigation on the convective heat transfer of nanofluid flow inside vertical helically coiled tubes under uniform wall temperature condition”, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 556-564, (2012).

[3] P.C. Mukesh Kumar, J. Kumar, S. Suresh and K. Praveen Babu, “Heat transfer enhancement in a helically coiled tube with Al2O3/water nanofluid under laminar flow condition”, International Journal of Nanoscience, Vol. 11, No. 5, pp. 1250029, (2012).

[4] H.A. Mohammed and K. Narrein, “Thermal and hydraulic characteristics of nanofluid flow in a helically coiled tube heat exchanger”, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 39, No. 9, pp. 1375-1383, (2012).

[5] K. Narrein and H.A. Mohammed, “Influence of nanofluids and rotation on helically coiled tube heat exchanger performance”, Thermochimica Acta, Vol. 564, pp. 13-23 (2013).

[6] A.P. Sasmito, J.C. Kurnia and A.S. Mujumdar, “Numerical evaluation of laminar heat transfer enhancement in nanofluid flow in coiled square tubes”, Nanoscale Research Letters, Vol. 6, pp. 376, (2011).

[7] A.S. Dalkilic, N. Kayaci, A. Celen, M. Tabatabaei, O. Yildiz, W. Daungthongsuk, S. Wongwises, "Forced convective heat transfer of nanofluids e a review of the recent literature", Current Nanoscience, Vol. 8, pp. 949-969, (2012).

[8] A. T. Akinshilo “Flow and heat transfer of nanofluid with injection through an expanding or contracting porous channel under magnetic force field”, Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 486-494, (2018).

[9] S. M. S. Murshed, K. C. Leong, C. Yang, “A combined model for the effective thermal conductivity of nanofluids”, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 29, No.11-12, pp. 2477-2483, (2009).

[10] G. Huminic and A. Huminic, “Application of nanofluids in heat exchangers: a review”, Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Vol. 16, No. 8, pp. 5625-5638, (2012).

[11] N. Kordani, A. Sadough, “Different Method to make Laminates by Shear Thickening Fluid”, Science and Engineering of Composite Materials (SECM), Vol 21, No. 3, pp. 421-425, (2014).

[12] F. Talati, A. A. Taheri, “Numerical study of induction heating by micro / nano magnetic particles in hyperthermia”, Journal of Computational and Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME), Articles in Press, DOI: 10.22061/jcarme.2019.3961.1465, (2019).

[13] H. Baharvandi, P. Khaksari, M. Alebouyeh, M. Alizadeh, J. Khojasteh5 and N. Kordani, “Investigating the quasi-static puncture resistance of p-aramid nano composite impregnated with the shear thickening fluid”, Journal of Reinforced Plastics and Composites, Vol. 33, pp. 2064-2072, (2014).

[14] R. Taylor, S. Coulombe, T. Otanicar, P. Phelan, A. Gunawan, W. Lv, G. Rosengarten, R. Prasher, H. Tyagi, “Small particles, big impacts: a review of the diverse applications of nanofluids”, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 113, pp. 011301, (2013).

[15] A. Sergis and Y. Hardalupas, “Anomalous heat transfer modes of nanofluids: a review based on statistical analysis”, Nanoscale Research Letters, Vol. 6, pp. 391, (2011).

[16] Y. Xuan and Q. Li, “Investigation on convective heat transfer and flow feature of nanofluids”, ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 125, No. 1, pp. 151-155, (2003).

[17] E.V. Timofeeva, W. Yu, D.M. France, D. Singh, J.L. Routbort, “Nanofluids for heat transfer: an engineering approach”, Nanoscale Research Letters, Vol. 6, pp. 182, (2011).

[18] T. Srinivas, A. Venu Vinod, “Heat transfer intensification in a shell and helical coil heat exchanger using water-based nanofluids”, Chemical Engineering and Processing: Process Intensification, Vol. 102, No. , pp. 765-771, (2016).

[19] E. Ebrahimnia Bajestan, H. Niazmand, “Flow and heat transfer of nanofluids with temperature dependent properties”, proceedings of the ASME 2010 “3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting” and “8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels”, Montreal, Canada, pp. 733-739 (2010).

[20] U. Rea, T. McKrell, L. Hu, J. Buongiorno, “Laminar convective heat transfer and viscous pressure loss of alumina–water and zirconia–water nanofluids”, International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 52, No. 7-8, pp. 2042–2048, (2009).

[21] A. V. Kuznetsov, D. A. Nield, “Natural convective boundary-layer flow of a nanofluid past a vertical plate”, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 67, No. 2, 239-246, (2010).

[22] A. Noghrehabadi, M. Ghalambaz and A. Ghanbarzadeh, “Effects of Variable Viscosity and Thermal Conductivity on Natural-Convection of Nanofluids Past a Vertical Plate in Porous Media”, Journal of Mechanics, Vol. 33, No. , pp. 320-328, (2014).

[23] Y. Xuan, Q. Li, “Heat transfer enhancement of nanofluids, Int J Heat Fluid Flow”, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 21, No. 1, pp. 58–64, (2000).

[24] Y. Xuan, Q. Li, W. Hu, “Aggregation structure and thermal conductivity of nanofluids”, American Institute of Chemical Engineers, Vol. 49, No. 4, pp. 1038-1043, 2003.

[25] G. Sheikhzadeh, M. Mollamahdi and M. Abbaszadeh, “Analytical study of flow field and heat transfer of a non-Newtonian fluid in an axisymmetric channel with a permeable wall”, Journal of Computational and Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME), Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 161-173, (2018).

[26] M. Sh. Mazidi, M. Alizadeh, L. Nourpour, V. Shojaee Shal, “Estimating the unknown heat flux on the wall of a heat exchanger internal tube using inverse method”, Journal of Computational and Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME), Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 127-136, (2016).

[27] S.M. Fotokian, M. Nasr Esfahany, “Experimental investigation of turbulent heat transfer of γ-Al2O3 water nanofluid in circular tube”, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 203-210, (2007).

[28] S. Zeinali Heris, Taofik H. Nassan, S.H. Noie, H. Sardarabadi, M. Sardarabadi, “Laminar convective heat transfer of Al2O3/water nanofluid through square cross-sectional duct”, International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow, Vol. 20, pp. 526-534, (2013).

[29] Mohamed H. Shedid, “Computational Heat Transfer for Nanofluids through an Annular Tube”, Proceedings of International Conference on Heat Transfer and Fluid Flow, Prague, Czech Republic, August 11-12, No. 206, pp. 1-10, 2014.

[30] J. Choi, Y. Zhang, “Numerical simulation of laminar forced convection heat transfer of Al2O3-water nanofluid in a tube with return bend”, International Journal of Thermal Sciences, Vol. 55, pp. 90-102, (2012).

[31] W. Williams, J. Buongiorno, L.W. Hu, “Experimental investigation of turbulent convective heat transfer and pressure loss of alumina/water and zirconia/water nanoparticle colloids (nanofluids) in horizontal tubes”, ASME Journal of Heat Transfer, Vol. 130, No. 4, pp. 042412-042419, (2008).

[32] Z. Wu, L. Wang, B. Sundén, “Pressure drop and convective heat transfer of water and nanofluids in a double-tube helical heat exchanger”, Applied Thermal Engineering, Vol. 60, No. 1-2, pp. 266-274, (2013).

[33] D. J. Gunn, “Experimental investigation of Transfer Heat or Mass to Particles in Fixed and Fluidized Beds”, Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 21, No. 4, PP. 467-476, (1978).

[34] F. Hormozi, B. Zare Nezhad , H.R. “Allahyar, An experimental investigation on the effects of surfactants on the thermal performance of hybrid nanofluids in helical coil heat exchangers”, International Communications in Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 78, pp. 544-553, (2016).

[35] N. Putra, W. Roetzel and S.K. Das, “Natural convection of nanofluids”, Heat and Mass Transfer, Vol. 39, No. 8-9 , pp. 775-786, (2003).

Name *

Email Address *

Affiliation *

Comments *

Security Code *

CAPTCHA Image