Journal of Computational & Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Manipur-795001, India

² Department of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Rourkela-769008, India

https://doi.org/10.22061/jcarme.2019.4767.1578

Abstract

The unvarying condition diesel engines used for commercial applications, transportation and industries lead to the crisis of petroleum fuel diminution and ecological squalor caused due to exhaust gases. Therefore, in this paper optimization of the use of MSB in naturally aspirated, direct injection diesel engines, parameters of pure diesel (D100), 80% diesel + 20% microalgae spirulina (B20), 60% diesel + 40% microalgae spirulina (B40) and pure microalgae spirulina biodiesel (B100) were investigated at various fuel injection pressures (FIP) of 18 to 26 MPa and stationary injection timings (23.5° b TDC). The result shows that optimum effect can be obtained in 22 MPa FIP, with B20 bio-diesel without compromising the performance against diesel. B20 blend presented less NO_X and smoke emissions by 13.7% and 22.2% respectively with no significant change in engine performance when compared to diesel at full load operating condition. The simulation and experiment results are verified at the same operating conditions.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

dor

20.1001.1.22287922.2021.11.1.9.1

Main Subjects

Internal Combustion Engine

References

[1] G. Bidini, U. Desideri, S. Saetta and P. P. Bocchini, “Internal Combustion Engine Combined Heat and Power Plants: Case Study of the University of Perugia Power Plant”, Appl. Therm. Eng., Vol. 18, No. 6, pp. 401-412, (1998).

[2] Y. Wang, H. Liu and C. F. Lee, “Particulate matter emission characteristics of diesel engines with biodiesel or biodiesel blending: A review”, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., Vol. 64 (Oct 2016), pp. 569–581, (2016).

[3] B. E. O. Eboibi, D. M. Lewis, P. J. Ashman and S. Chinnasamy, “Effect of operating conditions on yield and quality of biocrude during hydrothermal liquefaction of halophytic microalga Tetraselmis sp.”, Bioresour. Technol, Vol. 170, pp. 20–29, (2014).

[4] Y. Chisti and J. Yan, “Energy from algae: Current status and future trends Algal biofuels – A status report”, Appl. Energ, Vol. 88, No.10, pp. 3277–3279, (2011).

[5] F. M. Hossain, N. Nabi, T. J. Rainey, T. Bodisco, K. Suara, S. M. A. Rahman, T. C. Van, Z. Ristovski and R. J. Brown, “Investigation of microalgae HTL fuel effects on diesel engine performance and exhaust emissions using surrogate fuels”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 152, pp. 186–200, (2017).

[6] E. Alptekin, “Emission, injection and combustion characteristics of biodiesel and oxygenated fuel blends in a common rail diesel engine”, Energy, Vol. 119, pp. 44–52, (2017).

[7] S. M. Hosseini and R. Ahmadi, “Performance and emissions characteristics in the combustion of co-fuel diesel-hydrogen in a heavy duty engine”, Appl. Energ, Vol. 205, pp. 911–925, (2017).

[8] L. Zhou and H. Wei, “An investigation of in situ adaptive tabulation for premixed and non-premixed combustion engine simulations with primary reference fuel mechanism”, Appl. Therm. Eng., Vol. 111, pp. 526–536, (2017).

[9] E. Song, Z. Liu, L. Yang, C. Yao, J. Sun and Q. Dong, “Effects of nozzle structure on the gas mixture uniformity of marine gas engine”, Ocean. Eng., Vol. 142, pp. 507–520, (2017).

[10] G. Krajacˇic, N. Duic´, M. Vujanovic´, S. Kılkıs, M. A. Rosen and M. A. Al-Nimr, “Sustainable development of energy, water and environment systems for future energy technologies and concepts”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 125, pp. 1-14, (2016).

[11] J. D. Lee, J. Yan, S. K. Chou and U. Desideri, “Clean, efficient, affordable and reliable energy for a sustainable future”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 102, pp. 1-3, (2015).

[12] Y. Hu, H. Li and J. Yan, “Integration of evaporative gas turbine with oxy-fuel combustion for carbon dioxide capture”, Int. J. Green Energy, Vol. 7, No. 6, pp. 37–41, (2010).

[13] J. Li, W. M. Yang, H. An, A. Maghbouli and S. K. Chou, “Effects of piston bowl geometry on combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fueled diesel engines”, Fuel, Vol. 120, pp. 66–73, (2014).

[14] S. Salam and T. N. Verma, “Appending empirical modelling to numerical solution for behaviour characterisation of microalgae biodiesel”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 180, pp. 496-510, (2019).

[15] O. A. Elsanusi, M. M. Roy and M. S. Sidhu, “Experimental investigation on a diesel engine fueled by diesel-biodiesel blends and their emulsions at various engine operating conditions”, Appl. Energy, Vol. 203, pp. 582–593, (2017).

[16] R. Vihar, Z. Urban, T. Seljak and T. Katrasnik, “Combustion and emission formation phenomena of tire pyrolysis oil in a common rail Diesel engine”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 149, pp. 706-721, (2017).

[17] Z. Wen, X. Yu, S. T. Tu, J. Yan and E. Dahlquist, “Biodiesel production from waste cooking oil catalyzed by TiO 2 – MgO mixed oxides”, Bioresour. Technol., Vol. 101, No. 24, pp. 9570–9576, (2010).

[18] T. S. Singh and T. N. Verma, “Taguchi design approach for extraction of methyl ester from waste cooking oil using synthesized CaO as heterogeneous catalyst: Response surface methodology optimization”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 182, pp. 383-397, (2019).

[19] D. Sonar, S. L. Soni, D. Sharma, A. Srivastaba and R. Goyal, “Performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine with varying injection pressure and fuelled with raw mahua oil (preheated and blends) and mahua oil methyl ester”, Clean Technol. Envir., Vol. 17, No. 6, pp. 1499–1511, (2015).

[20] S. S. Hoseini, G. Naja, B. Ghobadian, R. Mamat, N. Azwadi, C. Sidik and W. H. Azmi, “The effect of combustion management on diesel engine emissions fueled with biodiesel-diesel blends”, Renewable Sustainable Energy Rev., Vol. 73, pp. 307–331, (2017).

[21] S. Vedharaj, R. Vallinayagam, W. M. Yang, C. G. Saravanan, S. K. Chou, K. J. E. Chua and P. Lee, “Reduction of harmful emissions from a diesel engine fueled by kapok methyl ester using combined coating and SNCR technology”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 79, pp. 581–589, (2014).

[22] U. Rajak and T. N. Verma, “Influence of combustion and emission characteristics on a compression ignition engine from a different generation of biodiesel”, Eng. Sci. Technol., Vol. 23, No. 1, pp. 10-20, (2019).

[23] U. Rajak, P. Nashine and T. N. Verma, “Assessment of diesel engine performance using spirulina microalgae biodiesel”, Energy, Vol. 166, pp. 1025-1036, (2019).

[24] P. Nautiyal, K. A. Subramanian and M. G. Dastidar, “Production and characterization of biodiesel from algae”, Fuel Process Technol., Vol. 120, pp. 79–88, (2014).

[25] U. Rajak and T. N. Verma, “Effect of emission from ethylic biodiesel of edible and non-edible vegetable oil, animal fats, waste oil and alcohol in CI engine”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 166, pp. 704-718, (2018).

[26] O. D. Samuel and M. O. Okwu, “Comparison of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and Artificial Neural Network (ANN) in modelling of waste coconut oil ethyl esters production”, Energy Source Part A, Vol. 41, No. 9, pp. 1049-1061, (2018).

[27] T. S. Singh and T. N. Verma, “An assessment study of using Turel Kongreng (river mussels) as a source of heterogeneous catalyst for biofuel production”, Biocatal. Agric. Biotechnol, Vol. 20, pp. 101185, (2019).

[28] U. Rajak and T. N. Verma, “Comparative assessment of the emission characteristics of first, second and third generation biodiesel as fuel in a diesel engine”, J. Therm. Eng., Vol. 6, No. 6, pp. 211-225, (2018).

[29] U. Rajak, P. Nashine, T. S. Singh and T. N. Verma, “Numerical investigation of performance, combustion and emission characteristics of various biofuels”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 156, pp. 235-252, (2018).

[30] R. Banerjee and S. Kumar, “Numerical investigation of stratified air / fuel preparation in a GDI engine”, Appl. Therm. Eng., Vol. 104, pp. 414–428, (2016).

[31] B. Mohan, W. Yang, V. Raman, V. Sivasankaralingam and S. K. Chou, “Optimization of biodiesel fueled engine to meet emission standards through varying nozzle opening pressure and static injection timing”, Appl. Energy, Vol. 130, pp. 450-457, (2014).

[32] U. Rajak and T. N. Verma, “A comparative analysis of engine characteristics from various biodiesels: Numerical study”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 180, pp. 904-923, (2019).

[33] U. Rajak and T. N. Verma, “Spirulina microalgae biodiesel – A novel renewable alternative energy source for compression ignition engine”, J. Clean. Prod., Vol. 201, pp. 343-357, (2018).

[34] M. F. Al-dawody and S. K. Bhatti, “Optimization strategies to reduce the biodiesel NO_X effect in diesel engine with experimental verification”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 68, pp. 96–104, (2013).

[35] A. K. Kumar, A. Dhar, J. Gopal, W. Il, K, Choi, C. Sik and S. Park, “Effect of fuel injection pressure and injection timing of Karanja biodiesel blends on fuel spray, engine performance, emissions and combustion characteristics”, Energy Convers. Manage., Vol. 91, pp. 302–314, (2015).

[36] S. S. Satputaley, D. B. Zodpe and N. V. Deshpande, “Production, combustion and emission study on CI engine using microalgae oil and microalgae oil methyl esters”, J. Energy Inst., Vol. 90, No.4, pp. 513-521, (2017).

[37] O. D. Samuel and M. Gulum, “Mechanical and corrosion properties of brass exposed to waste sunflower oil biodiesel-diesel fuel blends”, Chem. Eng. Commun., Vol. 206, No. 5, pp. 1-13, (2018).

[38] U. Rajak, P. Nashine and T. N. Verma, “Experimental study on spray characteristics of biodiesel-diesel fuels blends in a constant volume chamber”, J Eng. Appl. Sci., Vol. 5, No. 2, (2018).

[39] U. Rajak and T. N. Verma, “Influences of engine speed variations on single cylinder direct injection diesels engine”, Aiknik Pub, (2019). ISBN: 978-93-5335-124-3

[40] U. Rajak and T. N. Verma, “Influence of emission characteristic using microalgae biodiesel in diesel engine”, Computer Application in Education and Research for Science and Technology, (2019). ISBN: 978-93-87388-21-5

Name *

Email Address *

Affiliation *

Comments *

Security Code *

CAPTCHA Image

Journal of Computational & Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME)

Volume 11, Issue 1
September 2021
Pages 113-125

Files

Cited by

Share

How to cite

Statistics

Article View: 1,223
PDF Download: 452