Journal of Computational & Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Department of Manufacturing and Production Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, East Azarbayjan, Iran

² Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, West Azarbayjan, Iran

https://doi.org/10.22061/jcarme.2019.4829.1589

Abstract

In recent decades, the industrial applications of refined grained pure copper and its alloys have been expanded. The properties such as high strength, high density, and low deformability make these alloys more attractive. Hence, investigating the fracture mechanism of refined grained copper is of great significance. In this study, the fracture analysis of copper is investigated using the equal channel angular pressing process. Experimental results on metal alloys demonstrate that stress states should be incorporated in the constitutive equations. Therefore, the fracture process is analyzed by focusing on its relationship with the Lode angle variable. To prepare the equal channel angular processed specimens, a die set is manufactured, and tensile strength tests are carried out on dog-bone and notched flat plate specimens up to fracture. In addition, the mean value of grain sizes of the copper specimens is evaluated. The results demonstrate that the grain refining process profoundly enhances the load-carrying capacity of copper specimens. Moreover, the dog-bone tensile tests clearly show that the peak value of the strain hardening in refined grained copper occurs up to two passes, and after two passes the strain hardening drops. Furthermore, the results reveal that the Lode anglel variable has a significant influence on the failure of the refined grained copper specimens.

Graphical Abstract

$Effect of shear state on fracture of refined grain pure copper$

Keywords

dor

20.1001.1.22287922.2021.11.1.17.9

Main Subjects

Stress Analysis

References

[1] J.R. Davis, Copper and copper alloys, ASM international, New York, pp. 10-102, (2001).

[2] M.J. Zehetbauer, and R.Z. Valiev, Nanomaterials by severe plastic deformation, John Wiley & Sons, Weinheim, pp. 50-126, (2006).

[3] V. M. Segal, “Materials Processing by Simple Shear”, Materials Science and Engineering: A., Vol. 197, No. 2, pp.157–164, (1995).

[4] A. Rosochowski, Severe plastic deformation technology, Whittles publishing, Dunbeath, pp. 32-91, (2017).

[5] M. Besterci, K. Sülleiová, and T. Kvačkaj, “Fracture micromechanisms of Cu nanomaterials prepared by ECAP”, Kovove materialy, Vol. 46, pp. 309-311, (2008).

[6] Y.G. Kim, B. Hwang, S. Lee, C.W. Lee, and D.H. Shin, “Dynamic deformation and fracture behavior of ultra-fine-grained pure copper fabricated by equal channel angular pressing”, Materials Science and Engineering: A., Vol. 504, No. (1-2), pp. 163-168, (2009).

[7] V. Tvergaard, “Material failure by void growth to coalescence”, In Advances in applied Mechanics, Vol. 27, pp. 83–151, (1989).

[8] P.W. Bridgman, Studies in large plastic flow and fracture, McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 121-134, (1952).

[9] L. Xue, “Damage accumulation and fracture initiation in uncracked ductile solids subject to triaxial loading”, International journal of solids and structures, Vol. 44, No.16, pp.5163-5181, (2007).

[10] F.A. McClintock, “A criterion for ductile fracture by growth of holes”, Journal of Applied Mechanics, Vol. 35, pp. 363–371, (1968).

[11] G. Z.Voyiadjis, S. H. Hoseini, and G. H. Farrahi, “Effects of stress invariants and reverse loading on ductile fracture initiation”, International journal of solids and structures, Vol. 49, No. 13, pp.1541-1556, (2012).

[12] R. Kiran, and K. Khandelwal, “A triaxiality and Lode parameter dependent ductile fracture criterion”, Engineering Fracture Mechanics, Vol. 128, pp.121-138, (2014).

[13] Y. Bai, T. and Wierzbicki, “A new model of metal plasticity and fracture with pressure and Lode dependence”, International Journal of Plasticity, Vol. 24, No. 6, pp. 1071–1096, (2008).

[14] Y. Bao, T. and Wierzbicki, “On fracture locus in the equivalent strain and stress triaxiality space”, International Journal of Mechanical Sciences, Vol. 46, No. 1, pp. 81–98, (2004).

[15] I. Barsoum, and J. Faleskog, “Rupture mechanisms in combined tension and shear-experiments”, International journal of solids and structures, Vol. 44, No. 6, pp. 1768–1786, (2007).

[16] L. Xue, “Damage accumulation and fracture initiation in uncracked ductile solids subject to triaxial loading”, International journal of solids and structures, Vol. 44, No. 16, pp. 5163-5181, (2007).

[17] D.P. Clausing, “Effect of plastic strain state on ductility and toughness”, International Journal of Fracture Mechanics, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 71-85, (1970).

[18] ASTM BS EN 15079, Copper and copper alloys: Analysis by spark optical emission spectrometry (S-OES), BSI Standards Publications, (2015).

[19] M. Furukawa, Y. Iwahashi, Z. Horita, M. Nemoto, and T.G. Langdon, “The shearing characteristics associated with equal-channel angular pressing”, Materials Science and Engineering: A., Vol. 257, pp. 328-332, (1998).

[20] ASTM E92-82, Standard test method for Vickers hardness of metallic materials, ASTM International, Philadelphia, (2003).

[21] ASTM E8, Standard test methods for tension testing of metallic materials, ASTM International, Philadelphia, (2004).

[22] ASTM E112–96, Standard test methods for determining average grain size, ASTM International, Philadelphia, (2004).

[23] C. Xu, Q. Wang,M. Zheng, J. Li, M. Huang, Q. Jia, J. Zhu, L. Kunz, and M. Buksa, “Fatigue behavior and damage characteristic of ultra-fine grain low-purity copper processed by equal-channel angular pressing (ECAP)”, Materials Science and Engineering: A., Vol. 475, No.(1-2), pp.249-56,(2008).

[24] A. Mishra, B.K. Kad, F. Gregori, and M.A. Meyers, “Microstructural evolution in copper subjected to severe plastic deformation: Experiments and analysis”, Acta Materialia, Vol. 55, No. 1, pp. 13-28, (2007).

[25] M. Goto, S.Z. Han, J. Kitamura, T. Yakushiji, J.H. Ahn, S.S. Kim, M. Baba, T. Yaamoto, and J. Lee, “S–N plots and related phenomena of ultrafine grained copper with different stages of microstructural evolution”, International Journal of Fatigue, Vol. 73, pp. 98–109, (2015).

[26] F. Dalla Torre, R. Lapovok, J. Sandlin, P.F. Thomson, C.H.J. Davies, and E.V. Pereloma, “Microstructures and properties of copper processed by equal channel angular extrusion for 1–16 passes”, Acta Materialia, Vol. 52, No. 16, pp. 4819–4832, (2004).

Name *

Email Address *

Affiliation *

Comments *

Security Code *

CAPTCHA Image

Journal of Computational & Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME)

Volume 11, Issue 1
September 2021
Pages 217-226

Files

Cited by

Share

How to cite

Statistics

Article View: 923
PDF Download: 377