Numerical study of built-in cylinders’ effects on flow pattern and heat transfer characteristics in a laminar channel flow

Rezazadeh, Sajad; Mataji Amirrud, Mohammadreza; Raad, Mohammad; Abbasinejad, Davod

doi:10.22061/jcarme.2020.6839.1880

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran

² Faculty of Energy and Environment Department, School of Environment, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

https://doi.org/10.22061/jcarme.2020.6839.1880

Abstract

A numerical simulation of laminar fluid flow and heat transfer over built-in cylinders in a channel is presented. Effects of cylinders that located in a rectangular channel with constant wall temperature on flow and heat transfer have been investigated by the drag coefficient on cylinders wall, skin-friction factor on channel wall, Strouhal number, pumping factor, Nusselt number, and Performance Index (PI) factor, which denote the heat transfer in terms of the pressure drop. Results are validated by the most reliable published works in the literature. Effects of Reynolds number and blockage ratio (β) for the equilateral triangular cylinder for 120≤Re≤180 and 0.15≤β≤0.55 on flow and heat transfer are investigated with more details. Results indicated that by increasing Re for constant blockage ratio, the drag coefficient, Strouhal number, and Nusselt number increase; but the skin-friction coefficient, pumping factor, and PI factor decrease subsequently. Additionally, with an increase in blockage ratio at constant Re, the drag coefficient, skin-friction coefficient, pumping factor, and Strouhal number grow up; but Nusselt number diminishes and PI factor has an optimum range. Furthermore, results reveal that variation in blockage ratio has more significant effects on the flow and heat transfer than variation in Reynolds number.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

20.1001.1.22287922.2021.11.1.14.6

Main Subjects

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

References

[1] L. Wang, M.M. Alam, and Y. Zhou, “Two tandem cylinders of different diameters in cross-flow: Effect of an upstream cylinder on wake dynamics”, J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 836, pp. 5-42, (2018).

[2] F. Zafar, and M.M. Alam, “A low Reynolds number flow and heat transfer topology of a cylinder in a wake”, Phys. Fluids, Vol. 30, No. 8, pp. 083603, (2018).

[3] S. Yagmur, S. Dogan, M.H. Aksoy, E. Canli, and M. Ozgoren, “Experimental and numerical investigation of flow structures around cylindrical bluff bodies”, In EPJ Web of Conferences, Vol. 92, pp. 02113, (2015).

[4] J. Taghinia, M.M. Rahman, and T. Siikonen, “Large eddy simulation of flow past a circular cylinder with a novel sub-grid scale model”, Eur. J. Mech. B Fluids, Vol. 52, pp. 11-18, (2015).

[5] R.M. Stringer, J. Zang, and A.J. Hillis, “Unsteady RANS computations of flow around a circular cylinder for a wide range of Reynolds numbers”, Ocean Eng., Vol. 87, pp. 1-9, (2014).

[6] W. Zhong, S.C. Yim, and L. Deng, “Vortex shedding patterns past a rectangular cylinder near a free surface”, Ocean Eng., Vol. 200, pp.107049, (2020).

[7] K.S. Arjun, and R. Kumar, “Performance Index in MHD Duct Nanofluid Flow Past a Bluff Body at High Re”, Stroj. Vestn-J Mech. E., Vol. 63,No. 4, (2017).

[8] R.D. Selvakumar, and S. Dhinakaran, “Forced convective heat transfer of nanofluids around a circular bluff body with the effects of slip velocity using a multi-phase mixture model”, Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., Vol. 106, pp. 816-828, (2017).

[9] K.S. Arjun, and K. Rakesh, “Heat transfer in magnetohydrodynamic nanofluid flow past a circular cylinder”, Phys. Fluids, Vol. 32, No. 4, p. 045112, (2020).

[10] D.H. Yoon, K.S. Yang, and C.B. Choi, “Flow past a square cylinder with an angle of incidence”, Phys. Fluids, Vol. 22, No. 4, pp. 043603, (2010).

[11] T. Johnson, and P. Joubert, "The influence of vortex generators on the drag and heat transfer from a circular cylinder normal to an airstream", J Heat Trans-T ASME, Vol. 91 No. 1, pp.91-99, (1969).

[12] B.R. Noack, and H. Eckelmann, "A low‐dimensional Galerkin method for the three‐dimensional flow around a circular cylinder", Phys. Fluids, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 124-143, (1994).

[13] M. Zdravkovich, "Different modes of vortex shedding: an overview", J Fluid Struct., Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 427-437, (1996).

[14] C.H. Williamson, "Vortex dynamics in the cylinder wake", Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech., Vol. 28, No. 1, pp. 477-539, (1996).

[15] H. Suzuki, Y. Inoue, T. Nishimura, K. Fukutani, and K. Suzuki, "Unsteady flow in a channel obstructed by a square rod (crisscross motion of vortex)", Int J Heat Fluid Flow, Vol. 14, No. 1, pp. 2-9, (1993).

[16] A. Sharma, and V. Eswaran, "Effect of channel confinement on the two-dimensional laminar flow and heat transfer across a square cylinder", Numer. Heat Tr. A-Appl., Vol. 47, No. 1, pp. 79-107, (2004).

[17] A. Sharma, and V. Eswaran, "Heat and fluid flow across a square cylinder in the two-dimensional laminar flow regime", Numer. Heat Tr. A-Appl., Vol. 45, No. 3, pp. 247-269, (2004).

[18] K. Tatsutani, R. Devarakonda, and J. Humphrey, "Unsteady flow and heat transfer for cylinder pairs in a channel", Int. J. Heat Mass Transf., Vol. 36, No. 13, pp. 3311-3328, (1993).

[19] A. Valencia, "Numerical study of self-sustained oscillatory flows and heat transfer in channels with a tandem of transverse vortex generators", Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 33, No 5-6, pp. 465-470, (1998).

[20] A.K. De, and A. Dalal, "Numerical study of laminar forced convection fluid flow and heat transfer from a triangular cylinder placed in a channel", J Heat Trans-T ASME, Vol. 129, No. 5, pp. 646-656, (2007).

[21] S. Srikanth, A. Dhiman, and S. Bijjam, "Confined flow and heat transfer across a triangular cylinder in a channel", Int. J. Therm. Sci., Vol. 49, No. 11, pp. 2191-2200, (2010).

[22] M. Ali, O. Zeitoun, and A. Nuhait, "Forced convection heat transfer over horizontal triangular cylinder in cross flow", Int. J. Therm. Sci., Vol, 50, No. 1, pp. 106-114, (2011).

[23] M. Farhadi, K. Sedighi, and A.M. Korayem, "Effect of wall proximity on forced convection in a plane channel with a built-in triangular cylinder", Int. J. Therm. Sci., Vol. 49, No. 6, pp. 1010-1018, (2010).

[24] N. Agrwal, S. Dutta, and B.K. Gandhi, "Experimental investigation of flow field behind triangular prisms at intermediate Reynolds number with different apex angles", Exp. Therm. Fluid Sci., Vol. 72, pp.97-111, (2016).

[25] Y. Bao, D. Zhou, and Y.J. Zhao, "A two‐step Taylor‐characteristic‐based Galerkin method for incompressible flows and its application to flow over triangular cylinder with different incidence angles", Int. J. Numer. Methods Fluids, Vol. 62, No. 11, pp. 1181-1208, (2010).

[26] J. Tu, D. Zhou, Y. Bao, Z. Han, and R. Li, "Flow characteristics and flow-induced forces of a stationary and rotating triangular cylinder with different incidence angles at low Reynolds numbers", J Fluid Struct., Vol. 45, pp. 107-123, (2014).

[27] D. Chatterjee, and B. Mondal, "Mixed convection heat transfer from an equilateral triangular cylinder in cross flow at low Reynolds numbers", Heat Transf. Eng., Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 123-133, (2015).

[28] A. Dhiman, and R. Shyam, "Unsteady heat transfer from an equilateral triangular cylinder in the unconfined flow regime", ISRN Mech. Eng., Vol. 2011, pp. 13, (2011).

[29] D. Chatterjee, and B. Mondal, "Forced convection heat transfer from an equilateral triangular cylinder at low Reynolds numbers", Heat Mass Transfer, Vol. 48, No. 9, pp. 1575-1587, (2012).

[30] R. Davis, E. Moore, and L. Purtell, "A numerical‐experimental study of confined flow around rectangular cylinders", Phys. Fluids, Vol. 27, No. 1, pp. 46-59, (1984).

[31] P.P. Patil, and S. Tiwari, "Effect of blockage ratio on wake transition for flow past square cylinder", Fluid Dyn. Res., Vol. 40, No. 11-12, pp. 753, (2008).

[32] C. Norberg, "Flow around a circular cylinder: aspects of fluctuating lift", J Fluid Struct., Vol. 15, No. 3-4, pp. 459-469, (2001).

[33] B. Ahlborn, M. L. Seto, and B. R. Noack, "On drag, Strouhal number and vortex-street structure", Fluid Dyn. Res., Vol. 30, No. 1, pp. 379, (2002).

[34] S. Balachandar, R. Mittal, and F. Najjar, "Properties of the mean recirculation region in the wakes of two-dimensional bluff bodies", J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 351, pp. 167-199, (1997).