Numerical prediction of the drag coefficient of bluff bodies in three-dimensional pipe flow

A, Tamil Chandran; T, Suthakar; KR, Balasubramanian; S, Rammohan; Chandapillai, Jacob

doi:10.22061/jcarme.2021.7114.1931

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

¹ Fluid Control research Institute, Kanjikode west palakkad kerala

² Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology- Trichirapallai

³ Fluid Control research Institute, Palakkad, Kerala

⁴ Fluid Control Research Institute, Kanjikode west, Palakkad, Kerala,

https://doi.org/10.22061/jcarme.2021.7114.1931

Abstract

Abstract
Numerical analysis of drag coefficient of three-dimensional bluff bodies such as flat plates, cylinder, triangular prism, semicircular profiles located in the flow path of the pipe was performed. Bluff bodies of various lengths are analysed using a turbulence model. The effect of bluff body thickness on drag coefficient was analysed. A significant observation of the study is the reduction in drag coefficient with an increase in thickness. Effect of pressure coefficient on drag coefficient was evaluated. The study confirms that frictional coefficient has negligible effect on drag coefficient in the studied Reynolds number range. Change in drag coefficient over a wide range of Reynolds number was studied and is reported. Irrespective of geometry and length, the study indicates that there is a significant difference in drag coefficient between two dimensional and three dimensional simulation studies. It is also concluded that the length of a bluff body in a confined domain has a significant effect on its drag coefficient.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords

20.1001.1.22287922.2022.12.1.2.1

Main Subjects

Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)

References

[1] W. H. Hucho, Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles: From Fluid Mechanics to Vehicle Engineering, 1^st ed, Butterworth -Heinemann Ltd, (1987).

[2] B. E. Launder and D. B. Spalding, “The numerical computation of turbulent flows”, J. Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng., Vol. 3, No. 2, pp. 269-289, (1974).

[3] R. D Belvins, Applied Fluid Dynamics Handbook, (1984), Van Noistrand reinhand company Newyark. ISBN-13: 978-1575241821

[4] C. Norberg, “Fluctuating lift on a circular cylinder: review and new measurements”, J. Fluids Struct., Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 57-96, (2003), ISSN 0889-9746.

[5] F. Gu, J. S. Wang, X. Q. Qiao and Z. Huang, “Pressure distribution, fluctuating forces and vortex shedding behavior of circular cylinder with rotatable splitter plates”, J. Fluids Struct., Vol. 28, pp. 263-278, (2012), ISSN 0889-9746.

[6] B. Zhou, X. Wang, W. M. Gho and S. K. Tan, “Force and flow characteristics of a circular cylinder with uniform surface roughness at subcritical Reynolds numbers”, Appl. Ocean Res., Vol. 49, pp. 20-26, (2015).

[7] B. Zhou, X. Wang, W. Guo, J. Zheng and S. K. Tan, "Experimental measurements of the drag force and the near-wake flow patterns of a longitudinally grooved cylinder”, J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., Vol. 145, pp. 30–41, (2015).

[8] I. P. Castro, “Wake characteristics of two – dimensional perforated plates normal to an air-stream”, J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 46, No. 3, pp. 599-609, (1971).

[9] Lisoski and D. L. Ashton “Nominally two-dimensional flow about a normal flat plate”, Ph.D. Thesis, California Institute of Technology, (1993).

[10] B. Rostane, A. Khaled and S. Abboudi, “Influence of insertion of holes in the middle of obstacles on the flow around a surface-mounted cube”, J. Comput. Appl. Res. Mech. Eng., Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 77-87, (2019).

[11] A. Khalkhali and H. Safikhani, “Applying evolutionary optimization on the airfoil design”, J. Comput. Appl. Res. Mech. Eng., Vol. 2, No. 1, pp. 51-62, (2012).

[12] F. M. Najjar and S. P. Vanka, “Effects of intrinsic three-dimensionality on the drag characteristics of a normal flat plate”, Phys. Fluids, Vol. 7, pp. 2516–2518, (1995).

[13] A. Fage and F. C. Johansen, “On the flow of air behind an inclined flat plate of infinite span, “Proc. R. Soc. Lond.”. Series A, Vol. 116, No. 773, pp. 170-197 (1927).

[14] P. Dey and A. Kr. Das, “Numerical analysis of drag and lift reduction of square cylinder”, Int. J. Eng. Sci. Technol., Vol.18, No. 4, pp. 758-768, (2015).

[15] A. M. Bimbato, L. A. A. Pereira and M. H. Hirata, “Simulation of viscous flow around a circular cylinder near a moving ground”, J. Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng., Vol. 31, No. 3, pp. 243-252 (2009).

[16] K. Karthik, M. Vishnu, S. Vengadesan and S. K. Bhattacharyya, “Optimization of bluff bodies for aerodynamic drag and sound reduction using CFD analysis”, J. Wind Eng. Ind. Aerodyn., Vol. 174, pp. 133-140, (2018), ISSN 0167-6105.

[17] X. Tian, M. C. Ong, J. Yang and D. Myrhaug, “Large-eddy simulation of the flow normal to a flat plate including corner effects at a high Reynolds number”, J. Fluids Struct., Vol. 49, pp. 149-169, (2014).

[18] S. Chakraborthy, “Course note on Introduction to turbulence modeling module No 1”, IIT, Kharagpur.

[19] F. H Harlow and P. I. Nakayama, "Transport of turbulence energy decay rate", Los Alamos Sci. Lab., University California Report LA-3854, (1968). DOI:10.2172/4556905,

[20] B. Launder, A. Morse, W. Rodi and D. B. Spaldiug, "The prediction of free shear flows - A comparison of the performance of six turbulence models", Proc. of NASA Conf. on Free Shear Flows, Langley (1972). Corpus ID: 118099033.

[21] N. Koutsourakis, J. G. Bartzis and N. C. Markatos, "Evaluation of Reynolds stress, k-ε and RNG k-ε turbulence models in street canyon flows using various experimental datasets", Environ. Fluid Mech., Vol. 12, No.4, pp. 379–403, (2012).

[22] ANSYS Meshing User's Guide Release 15.0, (2013)

[23] F. M. Najjar and S. Balachandar, “Low-frequency unsteadiness in the wake of a normal flat plate”, J. Fluid Mech., Vol 370, pp. 101–147, (1998).

[24] V. D. Narasimhamurthy and H. I. Andersson, “Numerical simulation of the turbulent wake behind a normal flat plate”, Int. J. Heat Fluid Flow, Vol. 30, No. 6, pp. 1037-1043, (2009).

[25] B. R. Munson, A. P. Rothmayer, T. H. Okiishi and W. W. Huebsch, "Fundamentals of Fluid Mechanics", 16^th edition, "John Wiley and Sons, Inc, (2009) ISBN-13:978-1118116135.

[26] E. Achenbach, “Distribution of local pressure and skin friction around a circular cylinder in cross-flow up to Re 5e+6”, J. of Fluid Mech., Vol. 34, No. 4, pp. 625–639, (1968).

Name *

Email Address *

Affiliation *

Comments *

Security Code *

Journal of Computational & Applied Research in Mechanical Engineering (JCARME)

Numerical prediction of the drag coefficient of bluff bodies in three-dimensional pipe flow

References

References

[1] W. H. Hucho, Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles: From Fluid Mechanics to Vehicle Engineering, 1^st ed, Butterworth -Heinemann Ltd, (1987).

Send comment about this article

Volume 12, Issue 1 - Serial Number 23
August 2022
Pages 13-29

Numerical prediction of the drag coefficient of bluff bodies in three-dimensional pipe flow

References

References

[1] W. H. Hucho, Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles: From Fluid Mechanics to Vehicle Engineering, 1st ed, Butterworth -Heinemann Ltd, (1987).

Send comment about this article

Volume 12, Issue 1 - Serial Number 23August 2022Pages 13-29

[1] W. H. Hucho, Aerodynamics of Road Vehicles: From Fluid Mechanics to Vehicle Engineering, 1^st ed, Butterworth -Heinemann Ltd, (1987).

Volume 12, Issue 1 - Serial Number 23
August 2022
Pages 13-29